Autrui dans le monde des vivants
hindouisme, bouddhisme

Mercredi de 11h à 13h (salle 11, 105 bd Raspail 75006 Paris)

Les derniers séminaires de l'année sont organisés autour de la présence à l'Ecole de Jonardon Ganeri. Jonardon Ganeri, l'un des philosophes d'aujourd'hui les plus en vue, associe la pratique de la logique indienne (traditions logiques du Nyâya et du Bouddhisme) aux subtilités techniques de la philosophie analytique anglo-saxonne, de la philosophie de l'esprit et de la logique modale contemporaine, dans une œuvre féconde et novatrice. Le thème d'ensemble des quatre séminaires qu'il donnera en anglais et qui commenceront le 20 mai est:

Le Soi, problématiques indiennes et philosophie analytique
Analytical and Indian Perspectives on the Self

Quatre conférences en anglais de

Jonardon Ganeri

Professor in Philosophy at the University of Sussex
Professeur invité à l'EHESS

 

Mercredi 20 mai
de 11 h à 13 h (salle 11, 105 bd Raspail 75006 Paris)

1. Naturalism and the Self

Narrative theories of self are much in the fore. Some recent philosophers have argued, however, that the narrative conception presupposes a more basic, “minimal,” self (Dan Zahavi). In this lecture, I will examine the Indian idea that there is a self of such a sort, to which exercises aim to return us. I will compare the Indian discussion with that of the Greek and Hellenistic thinkers, as described by Pierre Hadot.

a. Pierre Hadot, Exercices spirituels et philosophie antique [1981] (Paris: Albin Michel, 2002).
b. Richard Sorabji, Emotion and Peace of Mind (Oxford: Clarendon, 2002), and Self: Ancient and Modern Insights about Individuality, Life and Death (Oxford: Clarendon, 2006).
c. Wilhelm Halbfass, "The therapeutic paradigm and the search for identity in Indian Philosophy," in his Tradition and Reflection: Explorations in Indian Thought (Albany: State University of New York Press, 1991). ◊
d. Dan Zahavi, Subjectivity and Selfhood (Cambridge: MIT Press, 2005), chapter 5.

TEXTS: Milinda-pañhā 4.2.3; Catuḥśataka 1.10; Katha Upaniṣad 2.20, 4.1; Yogasūtra 2.1.16-29; Nyāyasūtra 1.1.1.

Mercredi 27 mai
de 11 h à 13 h (salle 11, 105 bd Raspail 75006 Paris)

2. Selfhood and Subjectivity in Buddhism

Early Buddhism recommends that we substitute the self with aggregates of psychological and physical elements. Does this substitution offer a new approach to mental causation? And how is the proposed substitution related to contemporary reductionist accounts of persons and selves (Derek Parfit)? I will argue that it is a mistake to interpret early Buddhism as saying that the self is a fiction.

a. Derek Parfit, Reasons and Persons [1984] (Oxford: Oxford Paperbacks, New edition 1986); and "Experiences, Subjects and Conceptual Schemes," Philosophical Topics 26 (1999), pp. 217-270.
b. Mark Siderits, Personal Identity and Buddhist Philosophy (Aldershot: Ashgate, 2003).
c. Matthew T. Kapstein, Reason's Traces. Identity and Interpretation in Indian & Tibetan Buddhist Thought (Boston: Wisdom Press, 2001; New Delhi: OUP, 2003).

TEXT: Vasubandhu's Pudgalaviniścaya; in James Duerlinger, Indian Buddhist Theories of Persons. Vasubandhu's “Refutation of the Theory of a Self” (London: RoutledgeCurzon, 2003). ◊

Jeudi 4 juin
de 11 h à 13 h (salle 8, 105 bd Raspail 75006 Paris)

3. Emergence and Transformation
Emergentism and epiphenomenalism in ancient Indian theory of mind

Emergentism is an attractive position in the contemporary mental causation debate, suggesting that mental properties emerge from but are not reducible to physical bases. Jaegwon Kim has, however, questioned the philosophical coherence of emergentism. I will examine the possibility that some ancient Indian materialists propose an emergentist theory that is responsive to Kim's criticisms.

Jonardon Ganeri dans cette troisième conférence cite et discute en détail les articles ci-dessous de Caston et Kim, et il étudie d'importants fragments Cārvāka (philosophes matérialistes de l'antiquité indienne) édités, publiés et traduits par Ramkrishna Bhattacharya dans un article fondamental. Ces trois textes au format PDF sont téléchargeables à partir de la page Ganeri on Self de la bibliothèque numérique Ganapati.

bhattacharya_carvaka.pdf — Cārvāka fragments in Ramkrishna Bhattacharya, "Cārvāka Fragments: A New Collection." Journal of Indian Philosophy 30 (2002), pp. 597-640. ◊
caston_epiphenomenalisms.pdf —Victor Caston, "Epiphenomenalisms, Ancient and Modern." Philosophical Review 106 (1997), pp. 309-363. ◊
kim_emergence.pdf — Jaegwon Kim, "Emergence: Core ideas and issues." Synthese 151 (2006), pp. 547-559. ◊

Jeudi 11 juin
de 11 h à 13 h (ATTENTION: salle 7, 105 bd Raspail 75006 Paris)

4. Is the self a conscious body?

In this final lecture I will consider another dimension in the formulation of Indian materialism, according to which what is being claimed is that the self (or person; at any rate, the referent of the pronoun “I”) is identical to the physical body (dehātmavāda). I will describe an argument against physicalism that is presented by Roderick Chisholm, and compare it with an argument of a ninth century Indian philosopher. I will develop a response, which is sensitive both to the force of the argument and to the intuitions which drive materialism in the philosophy of mind.

Textes à l'appui (téléchargeables dans Ganapati):

strawson_self.pdf — Galen Strawson, "The Self". in Shaun Gallagher and Jonathan Shear eds. Models of the Self (Exeter: Imprint Academic, 1999), pp. 1-24. ◊

nyayamanjari_dehatmavada.pdf — Jayanta's Nyāyamañjarī, ch.10; trans. in D. P. Chattopadhyaya and M. K. Gangopadhyaya, eds. Cārvāka/Lokāyata: An Anthology of Source Materials (New Delhi: ICPR, 1990). J'ai scanné les pp. 110-114, passage intitulé "The view of the Cârvâkas who admit that the body is the self".

“◊” indicates PDFs retrievable from Ganapati Library

De la bibliographie indiquée pour chacune de ses conférences par Jonardon Ganeri, j'ai pu rassembler quelques textes en version PDF qui sont indiqués par le signe ◊ . Les PDFs téléchargeables sont accessibles dans le dossier Ganeri on Self de la bibliothèque Ganapati, à laquelle nos collègues, nos étudiants et nos auditeurs libres peuvent s'abonner en ligne:

http://ehess.philosophindia.fr/ganapati

Une bibliographie complémentaire est constituée par mes soins et d'autres PDFs disponibles sont énumérés sur la page:

http://ehess.philosophindia.fr/autrui/seminaire/textes-ganeri.html

 

Jonardon Ganeri is currently the holder of a Leverhulme Research Fellowship (10.2007–9.2009), studying epistemology and metaphysics in classical and early modern India. The project will result in a book to be published by Oxford University Press in 2010 or 2011. He also holds an AHRC [Arts and Humanities Research Council] Research Project Grant (2008-2010), in conjunction with Professor Ram-Prasad Chakravarthi of the University of Lancaster. This project will investigate a variety of conceptions of self and responses to the no-self theory of the Indian Buddhists.

Jonardon Ganeri's Books:

Jonardon Ganeri, Philosophy in Classical India. The Proper Work of Reason, London/New York, Routledge, 2001.vi–207pp.

Jonardon Ganeri (Ed.), Indian Logic. A Reader, Richmond, Surrey, Curzon Press, 2001. ix–221pp. Textes classiques de Colebrooke (1824) et Müller (1853), Randle (1924), Schayer (1932 et 1933), Ingalls (1955), Bochenski (1956), Staal (1973), Sibajiban Bhattacharyya (1987), Matilal (1998).

Jonardon Ganeri (Ed.), The Collected Essays of Bimal Krishna Matilal. Philosophy, Culture and Religion, I. Mind, Language and the World, New Delhi, Oxford University Press, 2002.xxxiv–458pp.

Jonardon Ganeri (Ed.), The Collected Essays of Bimal Krishna Matilal. Philosophy, Culture and Religion, II. Ethics and Epics, New Delhi, Oxford University Press, 2002.viii–445pp.

Jonardon Ganeri, Artha. Meaning, New Delhi, Oxford University Press, 2006 (Foundations of Philosophy in India Series). x–258pp.

Jonardon Ganeri, The Concealed Art of the Soul. Theories of the Self and Practices of Truth in Indian Ethics and Epistemology, Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2007. 256pp.

 

Choix d'articles de Jonardon Ganeri en PDF sur Ganapati:

http://ehess.philosophindia.fr/inde/philosophes-contemporains/jonardon-ganeri.html

Pour télécharger quasiment toutes les publications de Jonardon Ganeri:

http://idisk.mac.com/jonardon-Public?view=web

Sur le site du projet Sanskrit Knowledge Systems on the Eve of Colonialism:

http://www.columbia.edu/itc/mealac/pollock/sks/papers/index.html